Ingredients with a documented concern, from official datasets and our reviewed database.
Sensitive skin: High cautionPregnancy: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Use with cautionEczema-prone: Best avoided
- Cancer concern:Releases small amounts of formaldehyde (IARC Group 1).
- Allergy risk:Recognized contact allergen, often cross-reacting with other releasers.
A widely used formaldehyde-releasing preservative. Releases less formaldehyde than DMDM hydantoin but still triggers allergy in formaldehyde-sensitized people.
Sensitive skin: Best avoidedPregnancy: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Best avoidedEczema-prone: Best avoided
- Allergy risk:Fragrance is the single most common cause of cosmetic contact allergy.
- Irritation:Frequent trigger of stinging and redness on reactive skin.
Caredermis curated dermatological review
An umbrella term that can hide dozens of undisclosed scent chemicals. Fragrance is the leading cause of allergic contact dermatitis from cosmetics, and dermatologists routinely advise fragrance-free products for eczema, babies and sensitive skin.
Sensitive skin: Best avoidedPregnancy: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Best avoidedEczema-prone: Best avoided
- Allergy risk:Caused an epidemic of contact allergy; banned in EU leave-on products.
- Irritation:Irritating even in people without allergy.
A preservative behind one of the largest contact-allergy epidemics in cosmetic history. The EU banned it from leave-on products and restricts it in rinse-off products to 15 ppm.
Pregnancy: Use with caution
- Environmental impact:CosIng identifies Cyclomethicone with octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), which is prohibited in EU cosmetics (Annex II) as persistent/bioaccumulative and a suspected reproductive toxicant.
A blanket INCI name for cyclic silicone blends. The EU CosIng database maps Cyclomethicone to D4, which is now prohibited in EU cosmetics; modern formulas replace it with D5/D6.
Sensitive skin: Use with caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable fragrance allergen.
A fragrance solvent and fixative that must be declared on EU labels as a potential allergen.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionEczema-prone: Use with caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable allergen found in tonka bean and many perfumes.
A sweet hay-scented molecule requiring EU allergen declaration; a regular positive in fragrance patch-test series.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Use with caution
- Irritation:Can irritate sensitive or compromised skin.
A synthetic preservative capped at 0.3% in the EU; generally tolerated but a known occasional irritant.
Sensitive skin: Use with caution
- Irritation:Irritating at higher concentrations or in leave-on products.
- Allergy risk:Occasional contact allergen.
A pH adjuster that is safe in itself but should not be combined with formaldehyde releasers or bronopol, which can convert it to nitrosamines.
Oily & acne-prone: Use with caution
- Pore-clogging:Cosmetic grade is minimally comedogenic despite its reputation.
Highly refined mineral oil is an inert, non-sensitizing emollient. Its bad reputation comes from industrial-grade oils that are never permitted in cosmetics.
Eczema-prone: Use with caution
- Irritation:Can enhance penetration of other ingredients; avoid on broken skin.
A common emulsifier; CIR advises against use on damaged skin because it can carry other ingredients deeper.
- Environmental impact:Not biodegradable; accumulates in the environment via wash-off.
The workhorse silicone — inert and non-sensitizing on skin (even FDA-approved as a skin protectant), with persistence in the environment as its main criticism.