Ingredients with a documented concern, from official datasets and our reviewed database.
Oily & acne-prone: Best avoided
- Pore-clogging:One of the most consistently comedogenic emollients in rabbit-ear and human assays.
A silky-feel emollient that repeatedly tops comedogenicity rankings — acne-prone users should watch for it in face products.
Sensitive skin: Best avoidedPregnancy: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Best avoidedEczema-prone: Best avoided
- Allergy risk:Fragrance is the single most common cause of cosmetic contact allergy.
- Irritation:Frequent trigger of stinging and redness on reactive skin.
Caredermis curated dermatological review
An umbrella term that can hide dozens of undisclosed scent chemicals. Fragrance is the leading cause of allergic contact dermatitis from cosmetics, and dermatologists routinely advise fragrance-free products for eczema, babies and sensitive skin.
Sensitive skin: Best avoidedBabies & kids: Best avoidedEczema-prone: Best avoided
- Allergy risk:So allergenic the EU banned it outright in 2021.
The fragrance 'Lyral', banned in the EU since 2021 after becoming one of the most frequent causes of fragrance allergy in Europe.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionEczema-prone: High caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable allergen; use concentrations limited by industry standards.
A synthetic lily-of-the-valley scent and well-documented contact allergen.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionEczema-prone: High caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable allergen; oxidized linalool is a common patch-test positive.
A floral scent molecule found in lavender and many essential oils. It oxidizes on air exposure into strongly sensitizing compounds, which is why it must be declared on EU labels.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionEczema-prone: High caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable allergen with well-documented sensitization.
A rose/geranium scent molecule and one of the more frequently positive fragrance allergens in patch testing.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionEczema-prone: High caution
- Allergy risk:American Contact Dermatitis Society Allergen of the Year 2018.
- Irritation:Can irritate compromised skin at higher concentrations.
A workhorse humectant and penetration enhancer that is fine for most, but a recurring culprit in eczema patients' patch tests.
Babies & kids: Use with caution
- Irritation:Occasional stinging and irritation, mostly around eyes and on damaged skin.
Today's most common preservative, considered safe by the SCCS up to 1%. French authorities advise avoiding it in wipes and diaper-area products for children under 3 as a precaution.
Pregnancy: Use with caution
- Environmental impact:CosIng identifies Cyclomethicone with octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), which is prohibited in EU cosmetics (Annex II) as persistent/bioaccumulative and a suspected reproductive toxicant.
A blanket INCI name for cyclic silicone blends. The EU CosIng database maps Cyclomethicone to D4, which is now prohibited in EU cosmetics; modern formulas replace it with D5/D6.
Sensitive skin: Use with caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable fragrance allergen.
A floral fixative on the EU allergen list, with early-stage evidence of weak hormonal activity being evaluated by regulators.
Sensitive skin: Use with caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable fragrance allergen.
A violet-type scent chemical requiring EU allergen declaration.
Sensitive skin: Use with caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable fragrance allergen.
A common jasmine-scented ingredient in fine fragrance and skincare, declared as an allergen on EU labels.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionEczema-prone: Use with caution
- Allergy risk:EU-declarable fragrance allergen.
A rose-type scent component on the EU's mandatory-declaration allergen list.
Sensitive skin: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Use with cautionEczema-prone: Use with caution
- Irritation:Milder than glycolic; still increases photosensitivity.
A gentler AHA that exfoliates and hydrates simultaneously; the usual pick for drier or more reactive skin starting acids.
Pregnancy: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Use with caution
The paraben with the strongest endocrine signal in laboratory studies; the EU restricts it and bans it in leave-on diaper-area products for young children.
Pregnancy: Use with cautionBabies & kids: Use with caution
A longer-chain paraben with measurable (though weak) estrogenic activity, prompting the EU to reduce its allowed concentration and Denmark to ban it in products for children under 3.
- Irritation:Above ~10% it becomes keratolytic and can sting on broken skin.
A natural moisturizing factor: hydrating below 10%, callus-softening above. Valuable in eczema care despite stinging on open skin.
- Environmental impact:Poorly biodegradable; can remobilize heavy metals in waterways.
A metal-binding stabilizer that is safe on skin at the tiny amounts used; its criticism is environmental persistence.
occlusive · skin protectant
Severity 2/10Editorial- Cancer concern:Concern applies only to unrefined grades containing PAHs; cosmetic grade is highly refined (EU-mandated).
The most effective occlusive known and a staple of eczema care. The cancer concern belongs to unrefined industrial grades — pharmaceutical-grade petrolatum in cosmetics is rigorously purified.
Hydrolyzed Wheat ProteinRegulatory dataAllergy riskEU CosIng Annex III (declarable / restricted)